Research

"Notes on 'The Gaze' by Daniel Chandler

• 'to gaze implies more than to look at - it signifies a psychological relationship of power, in which the gazer is superior to the object of the gaze.' There is a voyeuristic aspect, audience have more power.
  
• 'some 'glamour' photographers to enhance their photographs in the same way and thus to increase the the attractiveness of the model.' Create unnatural appearances of models which audiences aspire to achieve, however, the model of course have been edited to look this way.
  
• 'Stereotypical notions of masculinity are strongly oriented towards the active...male models feel bound to avoid the 'femininity' of being posed as the passive object of an active gaze.' Don't challenge stereotypes.
  
• 'close-ups signifying intimate or personal modes, medium shots a social mode and long shots an impersonal mode.' Camera shots creates different modes of address and can be analysed in different ways.
  
• '...the camera frequently enables us to look at people whom we would never otherwise see at all.' The camera allows other people to be noticed, not just celebrities and models on the front page of magazines.
  
• 'Men look at women. Women watch themselves being looked at.' Women are often sexually objectified however it is never really the other way around. This suggests that women allow this objectification to continue and accept it.
  
• '...women were still 'depicted' in a different way to men - because the 'ideal' spectator is always assumed to be male and the image of the woman is designed to flatter him.' There are still stereotypes and men are seen as the dominant characters